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New Ireland (island)
New Ireland (Tok Pisin: ''Niu Ailan'') is a large island in Papua New Guinea, approximately 7,404 km² in area with ca. 120,000 people.〔United Nations Environment Program, "(Islands by land area: New Ireland )," ''islands.unep.ch'' (1988).〕 It is the largest island of the New Ireland Province, lying northeast of the island of New Britain. Both islands are part of the Bismarck Archipelago, named after Otto von Bismarck, and they are separated by Saint George's Channel. The administrative centre of the island and of New Ireland province is the town of Kavieng located at the northern end of the island. While the island was part of German New Guinea, it was named Neumecklenburg ("New Mecklenburg").
== Geography ==
The island is part of the Bismarck Archipelago and is often described as having the shape of a musket. For much of its 360 kilometers in length, the island's width varies between less than 10 km to 40 km, yet the central mountainous spine is very steep and rugged. The highest peak is Mount Taron in the Hans Meyer Range (2,379 meters). Other mountain ranges are Tirpitz, Schleinitz, Verron and Rossel.〔()〕 The island lies between two and five degrees south of the equator. The original land cover was primarily dense rainforest.
New Ireland is surrounded by the Bismarck Sea in the southwest and by the Pacific Ocean in the northeast.
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